Happy birthday, cosmonaut Aleksandr Kaleri!

Cosmonaut Aleksandr Kaleri, born May 13, 1956 in present-day Latvia, ranks fourth in time spent in space.  

His first flight was as Flight Engineer on Soyuz TM-14 to the Mir space station in March 1992.  He spent over 145 days in space as part of Mir EO-11.

His second flight was as Flight Engineer on Soyuz TM-24 to Mir in August 1996.  He spent over 196 days in space as part of Mir EO-22.

His third flight was aboard Soyuz TM-30 as Flight Engineer to Mir in April 2000.  He spent over 72 days in space as part of Mir EO-28.

His fourth flight was as Commander of Soyuz TMA-3 to the International Space Station in October 2003. He participated in Expedition 8 and spent over 194 days in space.

His fifth and final flight was aboard Soyuz TMA-01M as commander to the International Space Station.  He participated in Expeditions 25-26, spending over 159 days in space.

In total, he has spent more than 769 days in space, which is over 2 years!  

Glücklich Geburtstag, cosmonaut Klaus Dietrich Flade!

Klaus-Dietrich Flade, born August 23, 1952 in Germany, visited the Mir space station in March 1992.  His mission started aboard Soyuz TM-14 on March 17 and returned aboard Soyuz TM-13 on March 25.

Happy birthday, French astronaut Michel Tognini!

Michel Tognini, born September 30, 1949 in Vincennes, France, has gone into space on Soyuz and space shuttle missions.  He was selected by France's space agency, the National Center for Space Studies (CNES), in July 1986. 

His first flight was aboard Soyuz TM-15 in July 1992 to the space station Mir.  He stayed on board for about two weeks before returning on Soyuz TM-14.

His second and final mission in space was aboard Columbia (STS-93) as mission specialist in July 1999.  The mission lasted just under 5 days.

Happy birthday, cosmonaut Aleksandr Viktorenko!

Aleksandr Viktorenko, born March 29, 1947 in the former Soviet Union, is a veteran of four Soyuz missions.

His first mission was as Commander of Soyuz TM-3, which launched July 1987 to the space station Mir. The flight was notable since fellow cosmonaut Muhammed Faris, was the first Syrian in space.  They made up the crew of Mir EP-1, but they were not a long-term duration crew.  They returned aboard Soyuz TM-2 about a week later.

His second mission was also as Commander aboard Soyuz TM-8 to Mir.  He and fellow cosmonaut Aleksandr Serebrov were the 5th long term crew, Mir EO-5.  They launched September 5, 1989 and returned February 19, 1990, after 166 days in space.

His third flight as commander was aboard Soyuz TM-14 to Mir, which launched March 17, 1992.  It was the first Russian mission after the collapse of the Soviet Union.  With Aleksandr Kaleri, they made up Mir EO-11 and retunred to Earth August 10, after 149 days in space.

Viktorenko's fourth and final mission was Commander on Soyuz TM-20 to Mir in October 1994, where he and Yelena Kondakova were crew Mir EO-17.  They returned to Earth in March 1995 after 169 days in space.

In total, Viktorenko has spent a total of 489 days in space.  He retired May 30, 1997.

Soyuz TM-14 launched 1992

Soyuz TM-14 crew: Klaus-Dietrich Flade, Alexandr Viktorenko, Alexander Kaleri

Soyuz TM-14, launched March 17, 1992, was the 14th expedition to Mir and the first Russian Soyuz mission after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Its crew consisted of Commander Alexandr Viktorenko, Flight Engineer Alexander Kaleri, and Research Cosmonaut Klaus-Dietrich Flade from Germany.  The Russians returned to Earth with Michel Tognini (who arrived on Mir on Soyuz TM-15) August 10.  Flade remained on Mir and returned on Soyuz TM-13.