Miroslaw Hermaszewski, born September 15, 1941 in Poland (now Ukraine), is the only Polish citizen to go to space. He traveled aboard Soyuz 30 to the space station Salyut 6 with fellow cosmonaut Pyotr Klimuk as part of expedition EP-3 in June 1978.
Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk, born July 10, 1942, is a veteran of three Soyuz space flights and the first Belarusian travel in space.
His first flight was aboard Soyuz 13 as commander in December 1973. It was the Soviet Union's first mission dedicated to science mission.
His second flight was as Commander on Soyuz 18 to the space station Salyut 4 May-June 1975. The environmental conditions on Salyut 4 began to deteriorate and Klimuk was only able to take a 10-minute walk two days after he landed. It took him a full week before he completely recovered.
Klimuk's third and final fight was commander of Soyuz 30 June-July 1978 to Salyut 6.
Soyuz 29, launched June 15, 1978, was the fourth successful docking with Salyut 6. Its crew consisted of Commander Vladimir Kovalyonok and Flight Engineer Aleksandr Ivanchenkov. They docked with the space station June 17. Salyut 6 had been vacant for three months since Soyuz 26 left, after their record-setting stay in space. Kovalyonok became the first cosmonaut to visit the same station twice.
About a week later, Soyuz 30 with Pyotr Klimuk and Miroslaw Hermaszewski arrived at the station but returned July 5.
The second visit, Soyuz 31 with Valery Bykovsky and Sigmund Jahn, arrived at the end of August, bringing food and supplies. The Soyuz 31 crew left in the Soyuz 29 spacecraft and returned to Earth September 3.
June 27, 1978, Miroslaw Hermaszewski became the first Polish national in space, when he took off in Soyuz 30 with Commander Pyotr Klimuk. The Soyuz 30 crew docked with the space station Salyut 6 and spent almost 8 days conducting experiements with the Soyuz 29 crew. Hermaszewski and Klimuk returned to Earth July 5.
